EUCEET - a Thematic Network for Civil Engineering Education in Europe

 

MANOLIU, Iacint

Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Romania

 

Abstract: A Thematic Network called EUCEET (EUropean Civil Engineering Education and Training) was founded in July 1997 by the partners of two Tempus projects coordinated by the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The Thematic Network submitted an Application for a Project beginning in the academic year 1998-1999 in the framework of the ERASMUS chapter of the E.U. SOCRATES programme, application which was approved by the European Commission in October 1998. The main objective of the project is to enhance the cooperation between universities, faculties and departments of civil engineering in Europe, with the involvement of academic and professional associations, in order to contribute to the development of civil engineering education and to the increase of its quality and effectiveness. The paper presents the topics and issues relevant for the development of a European dimension within the field of civil engineering education which will be covered by the project, during its 3-year planned duration such as: university curricula in civil engineering education at all levels ; identification of subject areas best suited for developing European Modules, Intensive Courses and other curricular activities to be included in the Institutional Contracts of consortium partners ; quality assessment, mutual recognition and credits accumulation and transfer in civil engineering education; role of the universities in the implementation of structural EUROCODES ; cooperation between universities and research centres in the construction sector of Europe ; demands of the economic and professional environments in Europe in respect to civil engineering education. Activities undertaken in the first year of the project are also briefly described.

 

1 Introduction

Enhancing international cooperation should represent a major objective in the strategic plan of any higher education institution. Bilateral agreements are, of course, the backbone of such cooperation, but more and more the cooperation in network is taking over. In the past two decades, European programmes such as ERASMUS and Tempus encouraged this trend. The ERASMUS chapter on higher education of the SOCRATES programme, launched by the European Commission in 1995 included a new and distinct action : Thematic Network Projects (or ”university co-operation projects on subjects of common interest”), Thematic Network Projects were aimed to the creation of forums to analyse and study the status of development in the different fields of education in Europe, with the objective of promoting the European dimension and of improving the quality of training. Also, they were meant to involve faculties and departments of institutions of higher education, as well as scientific and professional associations, in order to ensure a wide impact, both at institutional and at intra - and inter - disciplinary levels.

27 first - generation Networks, approved in September 1996, started to function in 1996/97. Seven second - generation Networks were approved in 1997 and 8 in 1998, among which the Thematic Network Project EUCEET (EUropean Civil Engineering Education and Training).

2 Origin of EUCEET

A Tempus Complementary Measures Project called CESCOOP (Civil Engineering Schools COOPeration) was proposed and approved in 1996. The idea behind the proposal was to put together two groups of universities, one previously involved in a Tempus Mobility Joint European Project called CESNET (Civil Engineering Schools NETwork) and the second previously involved in an ERASMUS ICP. CESCOOP partners were 15 universities, among which 11 from EU (ENPC Paris, INSA Lyon, Imperial College London, City University London, Leeds University, T.U. Berlin, T.U. Dresden, Politecnico di Torino, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona, Instituto Superior Tecnico Lisbon, National Technical University Athens) and 4 from Romania (Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Technical University Iaºi, University Politehnica Timiºoara, Technical University Cluj-Napoca).

At a joint CESCOOP - CESNET workshop which took place in February 1997 in Athens, various aspects concerning the joint involvement of partners in the new SOCRATES programme were discussed.

A proposal for the creation of the Thematic Network EUCEET was formulated by the author, coordinator of CESCOOP and CESNET Tempus projects, and circulated among CESCOOP and CESNET partners in April 1997, receiving a strong support.

On the occasion of the 2nd General Assembly of the Association of European Civil Engineering Faculties AECEF (Odense, 5 May 1997) the author made a presentation on the EUCEET. Both AECEF leaders and representatives of Faculties attending the Assembly expressed their great interest in the project.

At the 25th meeting of the European Council of Civil Engineers - ECCE, held on 6-7 June 1997 in Paris, the author informed the participants about the EUCEET initiative and invited representatives of various national professional associations attending the meeting to join the network.

At a meeting of CESCOOP partners, which took place in Barcelona on July 14, 1997, a final decision for the foundation of the Thematic Network was adopted. The Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees Paris assumed the role of coordinator/ contractor.

A Steering Group (Coordination Committee) was formed chaired by Prof. Marie-Ange Cammarota (ENPC) and made of the representatives of the following universities: ENPC Paris, Imperial College London, City University London, T.U. Berlin, Politecnico di Torino, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona, Instituto Superior Tecnico Lisbon, National Technical University Athens, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The author was designated as Secretary General of the Steering group.

In the period following the Barcelona meeting, members of the Steering Group were active in bringing new members in the network. This task was also successfully accomplished by members of the AECEF Board.

In another joint CESCOOP - CESNET meeting hosted by Cluj-Napoca on 29-30 September 1997, a state-of-the art of the Network was presented. The main objectives and activities of the Network were also examined. Participants to the meeting were extremely pleased by the fact that a great number of leading European universities in the field of civil engineering, renowned for the high quality of education and research, representing almost all eligible countries, accepted the invitation to join the Network. This created a very sound base for the accomplishment of the project goals.

The author was assigned the task to prepare on behalf of the Steering Group, the ”Expression of interest” due to be sent by 1st January 1998 to the European Commission. EUCEET successfully passed this first phase of the selection procedure.

Therefore, the full application for support was prepared and submitted to the EC by 1st April 1998. The good news of the approval was received on October 19, 1998. The code number of EUCEET is : 55779 - CP - 1 - 98 - FR - ERASMUS - ETN.

3 Network Partners

In the full application approved by the EC, based on the letters of endorsement sent in due time, 58 partners were listed, grouped as follows :

  1. Universities : 43
    From European Union : 31 (Technische Universität Wien; Université de Liége; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Université Catholique de Louvain; Technische Universität Dresden; Technische Universität München; Technische Hochschule Darmstadt; Technische Universität Berlin; Ingeniorhojskolen Odense Teknikum; Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées Paris; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Lyon; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Toulouse; National Technical University of Athens; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Universitat Politecnica de Valencia; University of Dublin; Politecnico di Torino; Politecnico di Milano; Delft University of Technology; Instituto Superior Tecnico Lisbon; Porto University; Universidade de Coimbra; Universidade da Beira Interior; Helsinki University of Technology; Chalmers University of Technology; City University London; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine London; University of Leeds; University of Wales, Cardiff.
    From European Economic Area : 2 (Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim; Liechtenstein Fachhochschule).
    From Central - Eastern Europe : 10 (Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest; Technical University of Cluj-Napoca; Technical University ”Gh. Asachi” of Iaºi; ”Politehnica” University of Timiºoara; Technical University of Budapest; Czech Technical University in Prague; University of Pardubice; Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava; Technical University Kosice; Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
  2. Associations : 10
    Associations of universities : 2 (The Association of European Civil Engineering Faculties; International Association of Civil Engineering Students).
    National professional (non-profit) associations : 7* (Technical Chamber of Greece; Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos Madrid; Colegio Oficial de Aparejadores y Arquitectos Tecnicos de Madrid; The Institution of Engineers of Ireland; Ordem dos Engenheiros Lisbon; The Institution of Civil Engineers London; The Union of Associations of Civil Engineers Bucharest).
    International professional (non-profit) associations : 1* (European Council of Civil Engineers London).
  3. Research Centres : 5
    (Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées Paris, Centro de Estudios y Experimentacion de Obras Publicas Madrid; Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil Lisbon; Building Research Establishment Watford; The National Building Research Institute INCERC Bucharest).

4 General Aim and Objectives of the Project

The main objective of the project is to enhance the cooperation between universities, faculties and departments of civil engineering in Europe, with the involvement of academic and professional associations, in order to contribute to the development of civil engineering education and to increase its quality and effectiveness.

In order to accomplish the main objective, six subjects of mutual interest have been selected, namely :

  1. Curricula in European civil engineering education at undergraduate level
    The primary objective of this sub-theme is to make a survey on curricula in civil engineering, both short cycle curricula (three years) and long cycle curricula (five years) in order to define the place given to various groups of subjects, to assess both the structural as well as the content aspects and to identify ways of increasing the compatibility of existing curricula across Europe. A monograph on European civil engineering education, the first of this kind, will be issued, together with recommendations for improving the co-operation between various types of institutions offering civil engineering education, for implementing credits accumulation and transfer systems etc.
  2. Postgradute programmes and continuing professional development in civil engineering
    The main objective of this sub-theme is to investigate thoroughly different forms of postgraduate education in civil engineering education, as an intrinsic part of the continuing professional development programme of graduates of different schools. Areas for establishing joint programmes and specialised courses will be defined. A special attention will be paid to matters related to continuing education and training in the construction industry of Europe at all levels, considering both the structure of the industry and the characteristics of the market.
  3. Quality Assessment and Accreditation in civil engineering education
    A first objective in this sub-theme is to collect data from all partner institutions in order to produce a state-of-the art of types and methods of quality assessment in civil engineering education applied in various countries. This will create a sound basis for debate and for search of solutions to be recommended.
    Another objective of the sub-theme is to examine problems of accreditation, both academic and professional.
  4. Innovation and learning in civil engineering education
    The major objective of the sub-theme is to identify and disseminate best practice to improve teaching and learning in civil engineering education. A survey will be made of both existing and new pedagogical methods such as case study, problem-solving and distance and open learning. The use of new information technology and new media technologies to both first degree diploma and life-long learning processes will be investigated. Challenges, such as the implementation in university syllabuses of the concepts and methods introduced by structural Eurocodes, will be also considered.
    The sub-theme will encourage debate on the range of skills a civil engineering graduate for the 21st century will need and on the educational methods to be used for equipping students with such skills.
  5. Synergy university-research-industry-public authorities in the construction sector of Europe
    The sub-theme is aimed at defining the role of European civil engineering schools in the development, dissemination and exchange of scientific and technological knowledge, and of ideas relating to all aspects of construction. At the same time, the sub-theme will emphasize the synergy university-research-industry-public authorities as a basic requirement for the increase of the extent and effectiveness of construction research, technical and process development as well as innovation.
  6. Demands of the economic and professional environments in Europe in respect to civil engineering education
    The main goal of this sub-theme is to obtain the views of a significant number of academics and representatives of the construction industry, public authorities and professional associations on the future of civil engineering education in Europe, in particular on the objectives of this education and on the quality of its provision. These views are essential for defining in the case of civil engineering the main components of the higher engineering education : knowledge, know-how, understanding and skills.
    In the frame of the sub-theme, matters related to standards for a European Code of conduct of the Civil Engineering Profession will be also tackled.

5 Outcomes Expected

The six sub-themes previously defined will be assigned to Working groups. As a result of the activities carried out by these Working groups, materials will be provided in the form of monographs, reports, workshop papers and presentations. The objectives pursued by the Working groups will be known and the discussion to take place will lead to pertinent recommendations. Outcomes of the Working groups related to curricula matters, at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, will be of prime interest for those having leading positions in academic institutions: deans, directors a.s.o. Outcomes of the Working groups dealing with inter-face problems: university-research, university-industry, university-professional associations, will be also of interest for individuals engaged in the construction industry, construction research and construction professional bodies. Outcomes of the Working groups devoted to innovation and learning in civil engineering education will be aimed at any member of the academic staff interested to implement new didactic methods and technologies.

6 The Management of the Project

The general administration of TNP - EUCEET and its financial matters are handled by Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees Paris, which is the contractor of the project.

The chief governing body of the TN - EUCEET is the Steering Committee, chaired by Prof. Marie-Ange Cammarota, from ENPC Paris, Coordinator of the project. The Steering Committee is responsible for all major policy decisions within the TNP - EUCEET.

The Steering Committee consists of 13 members, representing institutions which have been actively involved in the preliminary phase of EUCEET activities, namely : Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees Paris; Escuela Tecnico Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - ETSICCP, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Escuela Tecnico Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - ETSICCP, Universidad Politecnica Madrid; City University London; National Technical University Athens; Institut National des Sciences Appliquees - INSA Lyon; Instituto Superior Tecnico- IST, Lisbon; University of Porto; Association of European Civil Engineering Faculties - AECEF, Prague; Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest; Politecnico di Torino; Technical University Berlin; Imperial College London.

The day-to-day management of the TNP - EUCEET is insured by the Executive Board of the Steering Committee, made of :

7 EUCEET in the First Year

The first meeting of the Steering Committee of the TNP EUCEET took place at the ENPC Paris, on Monday 7 December 1998. It was decided that in the first half of the 3-year planned duration of the project, activities of three working groups to be undertaken, namely :
 

WG A :

Curriculum in Civil Engineering Education at undergraduate level
(Chairman: Prof. Iacint Manoliu, TUCE Bucharest)

 

WG B :

Quality assessment and accreditation in Civil Engineering Education
(Chairman: Prof. Jose Ferreira Lemos, University of Porto)

 

WG C :

Synergies between university, research, industry and public authorities in the construction sector of Europe
(Chairman: Prof. Laurie Boswell, City University London).

It was also decided to call the 1st General Assembly of EUCEET partners on 22-23 February 1999 in Barcelona, hosted by ETSECCP Barcelona which celebrates in 1999 25 years of existence.

The Executive Board and the Chairmen of the WGs met again at ENPC on 29 January 1999 to discuss the terms of reference for the Working groups and to prepare the EUCEET General Assembly.

49 representatives from 19 countries attended the Barcelona General Assembly. It was an excellent opportunity for a broad exchange of views on the goals of the project and of the means of accomplishing them with special emphasis, of course, on the plans for action of the three working groups.

The Working Group A plans to obtain a picture as clear and complete as possible on the Civil Engineering programmes at undergraduate level across Europe.

A survey on the Civil Engineering Education at undergraduate level was conducted, based on a questionnaire which required information on the following topics :

The questionnaire was sent to all universities members of the EUCEET Thematic Network and, through them, to other universities in Europe offering Civil Engineering education. The questionnaire was also distributed to a number of universities from countries not yet eligible for partnership under the SOCRATES-ERASMUS programme.

The analysis of the questionnaire returns will be made by the working group A and discussed in workshops and in the May 2000 General Assembly of EUCEET.
A data base of information collected will be established.

As deliverables, two comprehensive studies will be produced by the working group A:

In Barcelona all three working groups decided to have a second meeting before 31 August 1999, the end of the first contractual year.

8 EUCEET in the Second Year

The reapplication Form for the second year (1999-2000) of the TNP EUCEET has been submitted to the European Commission in due time, on 30st March 1999.

The consortium enlarged with 7 new academic partners: Technical University of Denmark, Lingby; Tallin Technical University; Riga Technical University; Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice; Warsaw University of Technology; University of Maribor; University of Ljubljana. Also, the Slovak and the Czech Chambers of Civil Engineers joined the consortium. In this way, the total number of partners for activities to take place in the second year became 67, from which 50 Universities, 2 academic associations, 11 professional associations and 5 research centres.

The second General Assembly is planned to take place on 19-20 May 2000.

9 EUCEET and the Economic and Professional Environments

A very important feature of EUCEET is that 11 professional associations, representing the civil engineering profession from U.K., Greece, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Romania, Czech Republic and Slovakia are also partners in EUCEET.

There is no need to demonstrate the relevance of the participation of professional associations to EUCEET. Representatives of 60 European universities offering civil engineering education, as well as of the two academic associations (of Faculties of Civil Engineering and of civil engineering students) have the possibility of learning about these associations, their goals and accomplishments. The professional associations and in first place the European Council of Civil Engineers - ECCE which groups them at European level, should play a leading role in the activity of the Working Group in charge of the sub-theme ”Demands of the Economic and Professional Environments in Europe in Respect to Civil Engineering Education”. Activities of this Working Group will be launched in May 2000, at the second EUCEET General Assembly. There will be, of course, the prerogative of the Coordinating Board of the Working Group to define the terms of reference, the content and the calendary of these activities. Nevertheless, an International Conference on the ”Challenges to the Civil Engineering Profession in Europe at the Beginning of the New Millenium”, to take place in Romania, July 2001, jointly organised by the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest and the Union of Associations of Civil Engineers of Romania under the auspices of EUCEET and ECCE, could be foreseen as a major objective of this Working Group. The Conference will bring together representatives of the academic world, of the professional associations, of the industry, of the public authorities etc.

10 Conclusions

The success of the activities undertaken so far in the frame of the SOCRATES Thematic Network Project EUCEET justifies the confidence in the accomplishment of the numerous and generous goals of the project, on which the network is proud to report on the occasion of the ICEE’99.