Utilization of Global Information Networks on Internship and Engineering Education

 

HSIEH, Sheng-Jii 1 & YU, Fan-Ming 2

Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, TAIWAN, R.O.C.
1 sjhsieh@mail.ncku.edu.tw
2 fmyu@mail.iaa.ncku.edu.tw

 

Abstract: The objective of this study is to suggest an effective teaching method, utilizing the resources on the web internet on engineering course study. By reviewing current existing homepages worldwide, some valuabe websites that provide sound informations for better educational training and the collaboration of research work are presented. Finally, some selected websites in corporating with course teaching in Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics are presented as examples. It is believed that, incorporating learning with the planty informations provided on the web internet, the quality engineering education can be achieved and the progress of the high technology, industrial world is to be expected.

Keywords: Engineering Education; Web Internet; Multimedia Teaching.

 

1 Internet cyber world

The coming 21st Century is the age of information sciences and technology. Due to the great development of the computer technology, and the fast advancement in space communication techniques, the new information and the advanced knowledge are spreading worldwidely and penetrating into every part of the world. Knowledge is power. One who is able to achieve and master the information would definitely make him success, and so are the society and the Country. Therefore, most developing or developed countries nowadays are making great efforts to construct their information infrasture in order to provide a fast and efficient information highway to help their people on sharing and utilizing the information all over the world. Thus, the internet cyber world is developed and is growing fastly.

Because of providing a fast, efficient and easy way to access and search for the information, the global web internet systems become a huge treasure mountain that provides variety of informations in the forms of database, pictures, movies, multimedia or the interactive displays. Many academic and research institutions or leading universities in the world edit their own homepages to demonstrate the educational goals, academic activities, excellent training programs, and the innovative and important research results. Therefore, through these webpages and the resources linking with other websites, people can easily obtain new information, fresh knowledge, and learn how to solve their problems and do their creative works.

Engineering education is to train students to work in the high technology industrial world. Therefore, the engineering graduates must possess enough knowledges and skills to meet the challenging society needs. Due to the rapid progress of the advanced technology, both teachers and students have to keep in pace with the fast changing world. Since the global web network provides most of the new information and practical experiences that would certainly help the teaching, learning, and research work on engineering education. Therefore, the method on retriving information and the utilization of helpful knowledge provided on the global web networks, should be suggested to students in time, and some helpful teaching materials, fresh research findings, practical engineering problems and new results should be implemented in the educational study.

In the course of this study, the authors would focus on the subjects of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, which are the most fundamental basic sciences in engineering education. Many useful homepages relating to these subjects would be proposed in general. Meanwhile, based on each specific flow problem or topics, a collection of some existing useful databanks, innovative informations, interesting teaching softwares, various courseware materials, and new research projects and results would also be presented for further reference. It is hoped that the results of this study would demonstrate and show the power of the global web information networks, and would promote the teaching results and strengthen the international partnerships as well as alliances in the research and the development of modern engineering education.

2 WWW virtual library and virtual university

The recent advancement in semi-conductor makes great achievement in computer technology. It is known that, nearly in every eighteen months, both the memory or density of the chips and the speed of data transfer are doubled. Therefore, the personal computer nowadays are capable of doing huge computation in a short time interval, and providing a great memory space for storing huge amount of data. Due to these powerful features on storing and processing data, the function of computer software system and its application utilities are progressing fastly.

In the internet cyber world, people are able to communicate and exchange informations almost in real time scale. Huge amount of data transfer across computer systems only by seconds, and the data can be any kind of hypertext documents or the multimedia. The WWW is a global hypertext document designed to allow people to work together. It is an internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing. In addition, the hypertexts from many resources worldwide may use hyperlink and become an information network in the WWW. Therefore, utilizing the information at ones finger tip, one is able to retrieve the information or to be educated. Accordingly, the WWW virture library and the WWW virtual university through the world internet are becoming true on the eve of the 21st Century.

3 Global internet resources on engineering education

A homepage or a webpage is the starting point for a user. Users with hypertext editors make their own homepages, and the homepage provides a website or an address on the internet. So, there are numerous homepages in the world, and these homepages may further link to other website by a search engine, such as Yahoo, Netscape, the WWW Virtual Library and many others. These search engines are designed to scope the webpages at common interests and classify them by subject matters. Most of the renowned universities in the world have their own homepages for dissiminating and exchanging informations. Besides, these universities also use the hyperlink and access to other universities, institutions and organizations to share more information. Therefore, if one browses the homepage of one university, one would be able to end up with further informations provided from other related resources.

It is easy to find from the homepages that, because of the school fame and for recruiting good students, many leading universities usually provide very good acedemic programs, plenty of job opportunities, as well as interesting courseware work, research topics and list of publications on their homepage. Evidently, this information would help university professors and students in teaching and learning, and to aware of the future trends of current research.

By authors experiences when using internet websites on the aerospace endineering education, the Fluid Dynamics Links (http://www.princeton.edu/~gasdyn/fluids.html) is the website usually introduced to students. This homepage is maintained by Prof. Alexander J. Smits, who is Chairman of the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Princeton University. In the Homepage of Fluid Dynamics Links, there provides many resources for fluid dynamics people. The resources contain the subjects of Journals, Magazines, Weather and Climate, Instructional Materials, Data Sources and Projects, Professional Organizations, Federal Research Funding Agencies, Key Government Sites, Individual Sites, and Jobs in Fluid Dynamics. Whereas the hyperlinks access to many leading universities, research institutions, publishers ,national laboratories, and also link to other popular websites, such as Yahoo links in Fluid Dynamics, Fluid Mechanics Page, Fluid Dynamics Webpages, Fluid Dynamics and CFD, Wind Energy Links, Thermal Engineering Resources, and the WWW Virtual Library.

It is interesting to find on the homepage of Princeton's Fluid Dynamics Links that, the subject of Instructional Materials consists a worldwide list of available websites for instructional purposes. These instructional, educational websites provide the on-line courses syllabuses, teaching materials, electronic texts and notes, and also provide many interactive study websites for self-study practice.

4 Selected websites on engineering education

Due to the great power of web internet on the dissimination and exchange of informations, and the PC is so popular for every person to possess, people nowadays are easy to ride on the web internet and get the information anywhere and at any moment. Therefore, WWW is a very useful tool for educational purposes that, it should be introduced to the students and teach them how to utilize it. Aim at the teaching of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, some helpful and popular websites worldwide are listed below for references.

  1. Educational programs.
    Teaching materials for the WWW (http://www.aoe.vt.edu/aoe/courses/webteach.html)
    This website for the teaching materials is provided by the Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering at Virginia Tech at Blacksburg, Virginia, U.S.A. This website contains many course homepages, Java and Javascript programs, self taught Units, electronic textbooks, manuals, homeworks and handouts in HTML, PS and PDF Formats, as well as several computer softwares and programs for study.

  2. Illustrative pictures and movie archives.
    To help students understand the principles and the applications of Fluid Mechanics, one of the best way is to show the vivid pictures and movies of the fluid flows. There are eight websites the authors usually recommend to students in course study of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics. To see how the facinating flows around airplanes, beautiful flow pictures in nature, and some animated MPEG showing numerical flow simulations do greatly help students to grasp the principles of flow motions. These eight interesting websites are listed as follows.

  3. Teaching materials: Texts, notes and data of course study.
    There are many teaching materials for course study in WWW. In teaching the course of Aerodynamics for juniors, the first two websites listed below are usually given to students as references. Whereas the third website provides a very good reference in the course study of CFD for seniors and graduate students in aeronautical engineering.

  4. Interactive study materials.
    There are many interactive study materials on the web internet which can be used as teaching aids. Some websites relating to specific teaching topics are suggested below for references.

5 Utilizing the global internet resources in studying Aerodynamics

Utilizing the global internet resources on engineering education is an innovative pedagogy on modern education. To share the experience of teaching Aerodynamics for junior students majoring in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering, some important subjects, in corporation with the related websites listed in Section 4, are demonstrated as follows.

  1. Unique features of flying aircrafts.
    Two photo gallaries of aircrafts in the web are introduced to students in Aerodynamics class. The first website gives the photo gallary of research aircrafts flown at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards, California. This gallary is a great treasure in aeronautical engineering studies. The beautiful aircraft photos in the gallary do present the history of aircraft research and development since 1940. The second website is an airshow action photo gallary by Peter Steehouwer, where collects airshows in recent years and gives brief descriptions on the special features of and, the new technology blended in the new developed modern aircrafts. These two photo gallaries do call student's great interest in the study of aeronautics.

  2. Illustration of fluid flow.
    The other six websites listed in Section 4.(2) above offer very nice pictures or movies in nature, from experiments, or by CFD animations. These wonderful pictures and movies of fluid motions, clearly manifest the principles and theories of flow motions, do greatly help students to learn the courses of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics.

  3. Electronic textbooks and manuals on the web.
    The electronic texts, notes and design database provided on the web are furnished as good references in teaching and learning.

  4. Wing analysis program.
    The wing analysis program at stanford is a discrete vortex Weissinger computation. This Java analysis program computes the distributions of lift, pitching moment and induced drag coefficient over a wing with sweep, twist and an angle of attack. This program helps students to practice how the effects of wing geometry and the freetream angle of attack on the wing aerodynamic characteristics.

  5. Vortex panel method.
    This is a very convenient tool for students to study the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. With a proper selection of airfoil shape and the flow angle of attack, this panel method applet outputs the pressure coefficient, lift coefficient and moment coefficient of this airfoil. From the practice, students learn to know the panel method and the airfoil selection in aircraft design.

  6. Ideal flow analysis
    This ideal flow machine/mapper window offers a comfortable environment for students to practice various flow patterns of the ideal flows. These ideal flows, come from the solutions of Laplace equation, are the superposition of a uniform stream and some singularity flows, such as sources, doublets, and circulation. This ideal flow machine can be used as a laminar flow table to demonstrate various combined flow patterns in comparison to the analitical results.

  7. Wind tunnel simulation.
    Wind tunnel experiment is very important in aerodynamics studies. Real wind tunnels are too expensive to give out, but a computer is the best next thing. This Java virtual wind tunnel is an applet which uses CFD methods, solving the Euler equations, to simulate the air flow over a two-dimensional object. At the undergraduate level, the simulation might help students visualize and understand two-dimensional fluid flow. At the graduate level, it might help students understand the power and limitations of CFD.

  8. Shock tube simulation.
    Real shock tube experiment, another very expensive facillities, is very important in the study of high temperature gasdynamics. Using this virtual shock tube applet for visualizing shock tube flows, students may understand well the characteristics of compressible flows, such as the expansion waves, compression waves and the moving shock wave dynamics.

  9. Viscous boundary layer flow analysis.
    The concept of boundary layer flow makes the epoch of modern fluid mechanics. However, the highly non-linear Navier-Stokes equations prevent them from the direct mathematical solutions. The JAVA CFD programs of both momentum and thermal boundary layer solutions, developed at the Virginia Tech, do encourage students look into the characteristics of flow and temperature field without any difficulty. There are four separate JAVA codes for solving incompressible laminar, as well as turbulent boundary layer flows. The outputs are in graphic presentations that help students easily compare the solutions by different methods, and understand the characteristics of viscous fluid flows.

  10. Convective heat transfer analysis.
    The heat transfer JAVA CFD programs, also developed at the Virginia Tech, give the solutions of incompressible laminar and turbulent boundary layer flow with heat transfer. These heat transfer JAVA codes are also provided as useful teaching tools in the study of convective heat transfer problems.

6 Concluding remarks

Utilization of the resources on the web internet to assist teachers and students on course studies, an effective teaching method is suggested, and some selected websites incorporating with courses in Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics are presented as examples. Due to the variety forms of hypertext documents edited in graphs, photos, animations and multimedia, teachers and students are easy to find helpful materials and study on the web internet. Therefore, incorporating learning with the plenty informations provided on the web internet, the quality engineering education can be achieved and the progress of the high technology, industrial world is to be expected.

References

  1. Fluid Dynamics Links (http://www.princeton.edu/~gasdyn/fluids.html)
    This homepage is maintained by Prof. Alexander J. Smits, Chairman of the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Princeton University, New Jersey, U.S.A.
  2. Courses Page of AOE, VT (http://www.aoe.vt.edu/courses/courses.html)

This homepage is maintained by the Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, U.S.A.